Memory and / or Storage     Last updated on 2017/2561 8 7, a full moon day;

IFF Z-Distribution, dimensional ( 2 * 6) ... ; e.g. space's depth in (2 * 6) momentum;
IFF side-by-side, dimensional ( 2 * 5) in common, five; memory methods e.g. address, offsetting of detailed Val address, physical address, ref address, ... are all defined by Time e.g. 1 year is like unlimited memory and storage in the Internet, 1 month is like billing cycles of banking systems, 1 week is like 7 days, BD is almost 1 day if compare to DVD in few hours, CD has been standard 150 x of IDE (approx. 700 MB) doko WHERE 1.44 MB can keep 12-size default font's approx. 500 pages of information to print out。

Approx;　１５３＋ memory & storage types / usages available to read: Also see: Bus Connector and Port;

Name	Enhance able			Portable	Hardware; Software			Remark   CCD Resolution Technology;
;;;								;;;
+R DL								Recordable DVD-V only; till 2008; NOT recordable *;DivX; *;jpeg; *;mp3; *;mpeg4; *;wma;
+R / +RW								Recordable DVD-V only; till 2008; NOT recordable *;DivX; *;jpeg; *;mp3; *;mpeg4; *;wma;
AG AND flash memory								[www;hitachi;com / New / cnews / 050617.html ]; Multilevel cell technology; BL switch solves multilevel programming problems; Ordinary memory's a cell can hold 0 and 1; AG AND flash memory's a cell can hold 00; 01; 10; and 11; BL becomes local BL and global BL; Also see: NEC's duobinary; AG; Assist Gates ;
AMB					Hardware			In 2005; NEC's AMB can connect DDR2 533; 667; 800;
BD								Blu-ray Disc; One of the optical disks; Also see: HD DUD; [www;ceatec;com; 2005]
BD-R					Hardware			In 2008; 25GB BD-R Blu-Ray disc are available as 2x speed; approx; 5 times bigger storage capacity than DVD;
Cache	No; because of embedding			No	Hardware			Processor oriented and embedded memory; Latches of processor are classified as L1; L2; L3; ;;; memories;
CAM memory								In networking; router's memory with search functions for IPv6 internet generation; Also see: Hitachi;
CD					Disc			compact disk; CD; CD-R (LG usage: (CLV) (ZCLV) (;;;)); CD ROM; CD RW; JPEG CD; MP3 CD; Video CD; SACD; WMA CD; ;;; ; Multi-session CD;
CD ROM	No; because of constraint track			Yes	Disc			Non-volatile; Storage; Commonly known as CD; (CD (R) (RW)); (Video (VCD) (SVCD));
CD-R / RW					Disc			Recordable *;DivX; *;jpeg; *;mp3; *;mpeg4; *;wma; NOT recordable DVD-V; DVD-VR; ;;; ;
CF; CompactFlash	Yes; but higher density separate module needed			Yes	Hardware			Non-volatile memory; Type I; II; ;;;; Compatibility with: Microdrive; Compact I / O card; Compact LAN card; Compact MODEM card; www;sandisk;com; Media card reader needed; Also see: Canon; Nikon;
CMOS RAM	No; because of embedding			No	Hardware			Also see: CCD; If RAM becomes CCD alike "converting light into electrical signals" and then computers must be classified into what kind of ;;; ;
CryptoStick				Yes	Hardware			USB2 flash memory;
DDR					Hardware			(DDR (PC2100 266MHz) (PC2700 333MHz) (PC3200 400MHz) (PC4000 500MHz)); Double Data Rate where 1 Data Out time in ns contains 2 data patterns;
DDR200								Memory bus speed: 200 MHz; PC 1600 chip; Support up to 1;6 Gbps bandwidth;
DDR266								Memory bus speed: 266 MHz; PC 2100 chip; Support up to 2;1 Gbps bandwidth;
DDR333								Memory bus speed: 333 MHz; PC 2700 chip; Support up to 2;7 Gbps bandwidth;
DDR SDRAM	Yes;  but higher density separate module needed			No	Hardware			DIMM; Double data rate memory;
DDR2					Hardware			(DDR2 (PC3200 400MHz) (PC3200 ECC 400MHz) (PC4200 533MHz) (PC4300 ECC 533MHz) (PC5400 667MHz) (800MHz) (;;;)); 1;8V; Also see: 3D transistor;
DDR2					Hardware			In 2009, available modules via toshiba;direct;com; are DDR2-533Mhz; DDR2-667Mhz; DDR2-800Mhz;
DDR3					Hardware			In 2007; 4 bit pre-fetched DDR2; 8 bit pre-fetched DDR3 data rates are in testing stage for frequency development;
DDR3								In 2009, available modules via toshiba;direct;com; is DDR3-1066Mhz;
DDR3-800; DDR3-1066; DDR3-1333					Hardware			In 2008; 1;5V; SoDIMM for notebooks; RDIMM for servers; 1333Mbps is -1333; 1066Mbps is -1066; 800Mbps is -800; Also see: Samsung Semiconductor;
DDS					Hardware			Also see: (Media backup storage (SONY ((4mm (DDS (2) (3) (4)) (DAT72))) (8mm (Mammoth (1) (2) (AIT 1) (AIT 2) (AIT 3)) (DLT (IV) (Super)) (Travan (NS20) ))) (MAXELL (Ultrium (1) (2)) (Zip)) (SLR) );
DIMM	Yes;  but higher density separate module needed			No	Hardware			In common; SODIMM is for Notebook; (SODIMM (PC100 100MHz) (PC133 133MHz) (PC2100 266 MHz) (PC2700 333MHz));
DMA	No; because it is algorithm			No	Software			If necessary; attach to DMA's bus; or extend the algorithm;
DMVT	No			No	Hardware and Software
DRAM								DRAM can hold 4 times more data than RAM; Also see: DRAM vs; SRAM;
DRAM; Synchronous	Yes			No	Hardware			SLDRAM AND RDRAM; also see: 1997 model memory tester from www;advantest;com;
DVD					Disc			Digital Versatile Disc; In 2004; NEC manufactured 3G HD DVD; In 2005; LG produces 2;4x OR 4x OR 8x OR 16x WRITE to DVD +R; 1x OR 2x OR 4x OR 8x WRITE to DVD -R; 2;4x OR 4x WRITE to DVD +RW; 1x OR 2x OR 4x WRITE to DVD -RW; 2x OR 3x OR 5x WRITE to DVD RAM; 4x OR 8x OR 16x WRITE to CD-R CLV; 24x OR 32x OR 40x WRITE to CD-R ZCLV; 4x OR 8x OR 10x WRITE to CD-RW CLV; 16x OR 24x WRITE to CD-RW ZCLV; READ varies depending on media type; Also see: LG's CD DVD spec; dual voltage disk;
DVD+R				Yes	Disc			In 2008; DVD9(8152MB); DVD5(4483MB); ;;; ; multi-session is for re-writable later;
DVD-R DL					Disc			Recordable DVD-V; and DVD-VR only; till 2008; NOT recordable *;DivX; *;jpeg; *;mp3; *;mpeg4; *;wma; till 2008;
DVD-R / RW					Disc			Recordable DVD-V; DVD-VR; *;DivX; *;jpeg; *;mp3; *;mpeg4; till 2008; NOT recordable *;wma; till 2008;
DVD RAM					Disc			Disc; manufactured by Panasonic; 2004; 4;7GB; Rewritable;
DVD-RAM								Recordable DVD-VR; *;DivX; *;jpeg; *;mp3; *;mpeg4; till 2008; NOT recordable *;wma; DVD-V; till 2008;
DVD ROM	No			Yes	Disc			In 1996; DVD ROM; by red laser; high power semi-conductor; system was developed by Sharp; Commonly known as DVD; (DVD (+R) (-R) (+RW) (-RW)); MiniDVD;
DVMA	No			No	Hardware and Software
DVR								Recorder; Digital Video Recorder; DVR = DVD + VCR;
EAROM	No			No	Hardware
EDO	Yes			No	Hardware			Popular and commonly used memory in open architecture era of PC computing in 1980s and early 1990s; (EDO (60ns));
EDO DRAM								Faster than DRAM;
EDO RAM	Yes			No	Hardware			Extended Data Out Random Access Memory; Faster than RAM; Triton chip-sets from Intel were designed to take advantage of EDO ROM;
EEMS	No			No	Software			Enhanced Expanded Memory Specification; 64 pages per frame;
EEPROM	Yes			Yes	Hardware			Electrically Erasable PROM; Serial Flash EEPROM; Also see: www;sanyo;com / semiconductors flash memory;
EMS	No			No	Software			Expanded Memory Specification; 4 pages per frame;
EPROM	No			Yes	Hardware			Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory; Only by ultraviolet light; It can be reprogrammed;
Extended Memory	Yes			No	Hardware			16TB; SX6 super computer; NEC;
FCRAM								www;toshiba;com; 2004; Network application; Better than DDR SDRAM; and HSSRAM;
FeRAM	Yes			No	Hardware			Ferroelectric RAM; Also see: smartSD;
Flash Memory	No			No	Hardware			In 1997; flash memory; built-in to assist 16 bit micro-controllers; by Sharp;
Flash Memory	Yes			Yes	Hardware			In 2004; TDK's GBDriver RA4 NAND flash memory controller [Approximate dimension: 0;8in x 0;8in x 0;2in] can control ((8GB memory) (CF2 CompactFlash compatible) (64Mb~16Gb NAND flash memory) (;;;)     ); Also see: www;tdk;co;jp; Non-volatile memory;
FlashBank Memory	Yes			Yes	Hardware			Sanyo's usage;
FlashSSD					Hardware			In 2007; samsungssd;com's FlashSSD; shock resistance; -25~85C; <24s system boot; >80MB / s WRITE; >100MB / s READ; 0;5W; ;;; ; For notebook computer;
FRAM	Yes			No	Hardware			Ferroelectric RAM;
HHD					Hardware			HHD; Hybrid Hard Drive; Also see: NOR Interface;
HSSRAM								www;toshiba;com; 2004;
KanguruMicro					Hardware			USB flash memory;
LIM EMS	No			No	Software
Low Power SDRAM; LP SDRAM								www;toshiba;com; 2004;
Low Power SRAM; LP SRAM								www;toshiba;com; 2004;
LTM								Long Term Memory; Also see: STM;
Mask ROM	No			No	Hardware			Non-volatile memory; Also see: sharp-world;com / products / device / about / technology / flash-01;html; 2004;
MCH	No			No
Memory Stick	Yes			Yes	Hardware			Non-volatile memory; MagicGate; Media card reader needed; Also see: SONY;
Memory Stick Duo								Also see: SONY;
Memory Stick Micro					Hardware			In 2005; Sony & Sandisk jointly develop Memory Stick Micro M2 format; 32G max storage; Interface;
Memory Stick Pro					Hardware			Media card reader needed; Also see: SONY;
Memory Stick PRO-HG Duo
Memory Stick Pro Duo
MG	Yes			Yes
Microdrives								Media card reader needed;
MicroSD					Hardware			External memory; used in GSM; In 2006; HDD Embedded > 8GB;
MMC; Multimedia Memory Card					Hardware			www;samsung;com; 2004; Media card reader needed;
MMCmicro					Hardware			External memory; used in CDMA;
MMU	No			No	Hardware and Software
MRAM	Yes			No	Hardware			Magneto-resistive Random Access Memory;
MROM								Mask Read-only-memory;
Multi-format / multi-function non-volatile memory device								Multi-format / multi-function non-volatile reader / writer translator / converter are beyond a Myanmar's knowledge ;
NAND Flash								www;toshiba;com ; 2004; 300mm technology;
NOR Flash								www;toshiba;com ; 2004;
NUMA					Hardware			Automatic detection by Oracle 10g; 2004;
Parameter RAM								Apple's CMOS RAM; maintained by battery;
PC Card ATA								www;toshiba;com ; 2004;
PCM								Phase Change Memory; 2008;
PCMCIA	Yes			No	Hardware
PCRAM					Hardware			Phase Change RAM; EETIMES; July; 2007;
PLA								Embedded memory;
Portable mobile hard drive					Hardware			Portable storage; In 2005; 40GB; 80GB; drives available; USB connection; No AC / DC adapter; Light weight design; Fingerprint authentication; Also see: www;lacie;com;
PRAM					Hardware			Phase change Random Access Memory
PROM	No			No	Hardware			Programmable Read Only Memory; PROM can be categorized into 2 different types: such as EPROM and EEPROM;
PSEUDO SRAM								www;toshiba;com ; 2004;
PSRAM								www;toshiba;com ; 2004; Asynchronous;
QDR II SRAM								www;samsung;com; In 2004; world highest capacity SRAM is 72Mb; developed by Samsung; For network applications; Operate at 300MHz; FBGA;
RAM	Yes			No	Hardware			In LSI's either gate-array or embedded array design; NEC classifies RAM into following categories: Compiled-type asynchronous 1 port; Compiled-type asynchronous 2 port[1W; and 1R]; Compiled-type RAM embedded synchronous 1 port; Compiled-type RAM embedded synchronous 2 ports; Compiled-type synchronous 1 port; Compiled-type synchronous 2 ports[1W; and 1R]; Compiled-type synchronous dual port; Bit-word fixed type with 1 port; Bit-word fixed type with 2 ports[1W; and 1R]; ;;; ; Random Access Memory;
RDIMM					Hardware			SoDIMM for notebook; RDIMM for server;
RDRAM	Yes			No	Hardware			Rambus by Motorola's C-5; (RDRAM (PC800 800MHz)); Support up to 3;2 Gbps bandwidth;
ReRAM								Resistance Random Access Memory;
ROM; Read Only Memory	No			No	Hardware			In LSI's either gate-array or embedded array design; NEC classifies RAM into following categories: ROM synchronous; ROM asynchronous; Also see: RAM; Read Only Memory; Once write; data become permanent;
SAM	Yes			No	Hardware and Software
SATA	Yes			Yes	Hardware			2;5" SATA; SFF and SAS are a hard disk drive storage type / usage;
Scratchpad RAM								Scratchpad Random Access Memory; CPU's memory; register alike;
SD					Hardware			www;toshiba;com; 2004; Also see: smartSD; Media card reader needed; Nikon; SD; Secure Digital;
SDHC memory card					Hardware			Multi-use Terminal Cable;
SDXC memory card					Hardware			Multi-use Terminal Cable; for still images; for movies;
SDRAM	Yes			No	Hardware			DIMM; SDRAM is less expensive than SSRAM; (SDRAM (PC66 66MHz) (PC100 100MHz) (PC133 133MHz)); Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory; Faster clock speed than DRAM; Burst technique provided DRAM predicts address of next memory location to be accessed;
SecureDigital	Yes			Yes	Hardware			Non-volatile memory;
SIMM	Yes			No	Hardware			SIMM; (SIMM (EDO) (Fast Page)); Single Inline Memory Module; SRAM were used to cache; Made of flip-flop;
SmartMedia; SM	Yes			Yes	Hardware			Non-volatile memory; www;toshiba;com; 2004; Media card reader needed;
smartSD								Non-volatile FeRAM; Panasonic; 2004; (smartSD (SD) (Controller) (Antenna) (FeRAM) (;;;));
SODIMM					Hardware			DIMM; SoDIMM for notebook; RDIMM for server;
SONY Micro Vault Tiny	No			Yes	Hardware			In 2006; 1 ~ 4 GB; USB2 drive;
SRAM; Static RAM	Yes			No	Hardware			Also see: Motorola's C-5; BMU; (Toshiba ( SRAM ((High Speed Asynchronous SRAM) (High Speed Synchronous SRAM) (Low Power SRAM) (Pseudo SRAM)))); In 2004; Hitachi's SRAM cell is made of 4 FD-SOI; Also see: DRAM vs; SRAM;
SSRAM	Yes			No	Hardware			Synchronous SRAM; Also see: MMC / AMCC's nP* NPU
STM								Short Term Memory; Also see: LTM;
TIMM	RAM							3 inline memory module; testing gravity dimension computer, Using manOR sen, working with basic in numerological dimension;
USB	Yes			Yes	Hardware			In 2006; USB2 flash memory can be stored up to 64GB; but 5000+USD for a little stick;
USB Credit Card Size Flash Drive	No			Yes	Hardware			In 2008; 32 / 64 / 128 / 256 / 512 MB drives; 1 / 2 / 4 GB drives; with 4 process poly-plastic layered color printing [also see: Mitsubishi] available by; www;siliconmaps;com;
USB 2 Bootable External Drive	Yes			Yes	Hardware			4GB; PnP; MAC OS X; Win 2000; Win XP; Credit card size; Portable; in 2006 retail price < 100 USD; Also can use as external storage;
Virtual Memory	Yes; but OS level system configuration needed			No	Hardware and Software			A storage physical portion of hard disk is used to swap between physical memory and hard disk's storage; *;swp; *;tmp; ;;; files are commonly used; While processing; if physical memory does not have enough memory space; and then virtual memory is used;
VRAM								Video Random Access Memory; Processor provided separated pins video circuitry; Used of VRAM enhanced faster video computing;
WRAM	Yes			No	Software
xD Picture Card	Yes			Yes	Hardware			Non-volatile memory; Also see: Fujifilm;
XDR DRAM					Hardware			In 2005; Samsung produces world fastest XDR DRAM by 256MB modules; DRSL;
XiMeta NDAS					Hardware			Storage; NetDisk; 10 / 100; USB2;
XMS	No			No	Software			Extended Memory Specification; In a session; Windows' conventional memory; EMS; XMS and MS DOS DPMI memories are adjustable; Also see: Windows' properties;
Wide bandwidth DDR DRAM	No			No	Hardware			In 2006; 3;3 ~ 5 ns; 2;5 ~ 3;3 V due to SiO2 constraint; SCP stack; FBGA array; ;;; ; Memory IC; Also see: Etron;
WRAM								Windows Random Access Memory; In video adapter; WRAM was designed for repainting screen;

e.g. WHERE BL V (s) are recording into memory cells and WL control V (s) are requiring WHEN (@ if symbol, a.k.a. at) WHERE the memory cells;

In early age computing arena, memory was deployed volatile only, and memories were classified static or random;

Commonly; after year 2000 ; memory has been used both volatile and non-volatile [storage + memory]; "volatile only" means WHILE power is on, temporary memory storage space available to store / to keep / to retrieve / to process instructions, also see: assembly mnemonics ... , and WHILE power is off, those memory storage spaces become unavailable; "Non-volatile" means permanent AND temporary memory storage space available regardless of whether power is on or off; Sometime;

memory and storage are file system dependent AND independent;

(Overview of memory: (R / W memory OR RAM (DRAM) (SRAM))  (ROM (Mask ROM; also called Fuse ROM) (PROM (EPROM) (EEPROM)) (Flash Memory) (FRAM)));

。IFF testing, add your define memory into above table; defining your own OEM module into above table by adding a row simply; automatic adjusting bus' speed, e.g. 1 second EDO RAM with 32 KB, e.g. 1 pico second TIMM with 8 TB, e.g. 2D green color iroRAM with 1 TB; your newly testing HARDWARE memory module, working with basic in numerological dimension;

After reading above table; notice that storage and memory cannot be separated; and they are similar to each other; But the following might be different:

CD vs; DVD; SONY Standard

DRAM vs; SRAM:

MRAM; Magnetic Random Access Memory's semiconductor layers; [EWEEK; 6 / 16 / 2003]

In 2004; non-volatile memory module sizes are: 128MB; 256MB; 512MB; 1GB; 2GB; 4GB; ;;; ; And common media format may varies OR just brand names may varies among non-volatile memories as CF I; CF II; FireWire pass-through front port; MemoryStick; MemoryStick Pro; MagicGate Memory Stick; MicroDrive; MMC; SD; SM; XD; and ;;; ;

Memory IC vs; System IC:

System IC; a chip; a controller; product specific chip; In common; not portable; not able to enhance; but "configurable" interface; On the other hand; memory IC; a chip; product unspecific chip; In common; portable; able to enhance; and "programmable" interface; In an era between PCB and FPC ;;; ; both memory IC and system IC can be built-in; embedded; ;;; ;

Memory usages     Also see: register map;

2010 OR 2554, SONY, LTO;

2008 ; NTSC Signal system: Panasonic disc standard are; either 8cm = 3" or 12cm = 5";

                    CD; CD-R / RW including CD-DA; DivX; HighMAT Level 2; JPEG; MPEG4; MP3; SVCD; VCD; and WMA; DivX is DivX video; DivX media files; DivX6; and its max contents are the same as MP3 [ therefore max; 4000 Mixed Contents with 400 groups: ]; HighMAT Level 2 is audio and image; JPEG is Exif Ver 2;1 JPEG Baseline files; and its picture resolutions vary between 160x120 ~ 6144x4096; MP3 is either MPEG-1 Layer 3; or MPEG-2 Layer 3; and both discs' maximum contents are 4000 audio; movie contents; and picture [a.k.a. Mixed Contents]; and both discs' maximum contents are 400 groups:; MPEG4 data can be recorded by Panasonic SD multi cameras; and MPEG4 data also can be recorded by standard chipset DVD recorders [ for example: ASF standard SD VIDEO specification; MPEG4 Simple Profile video system; G;726 audio system; ;;; ]; SVCD is IEC62107 standard; WMA Windows Media Audio version 9;0 L3; and its maximum contents are the same as MP3 [ therefore max; 4000 Mixed Contents with 400 groups: ];

                    +R DL is Video; +R/RW is also Video;

                    DVD is DVD-Video; and DVD is also DivX;

                    DVD-R is DivX; and DVD-R is also DVD-Video; and DVD-R is also DVD-VR [which exclude CPRM]; and DVD-R is also JPEG; and DVD-R is also MP3; and DVD-R is also MPEG4;

                    DVD-R DL is DVD-Video; and DVD-VR [exclude CPRM];

                    DVD-RAM is DivX; and DVD-RAM is also DVD-VR which excludes CPRM; and DVD-RAM is also JPEG; and DVD-RAM is also MP3; and DVD-RAM is also MPEG4;

                    DVD-RW is DivX; and DVD-RW is also DVD-Video; and DVD-RW is also DVD-VR [which exclude CPRM]; and DVD-RW is also JPEG; and DVD-RW is also MP3; and DVD-RW is also MPEG4;

2007 ; WIZnet Ethernet to Parallel ; 4KB internal EEPROM; 32KB external SRAM; 128KB programmable Flash ROM; ;;; ;

;AVI;

;DIVX;

;JPG; ;JPEG;

;MP3; Panasonic's referenced sampling frequencies are

            IFF CD-R/RW 8; 11;02; 12; 16; 22;05; 24; 32; 44;1; 48 kHz

            IFF DVD-R/RW a.k.a. DVD-R OR DVD-RW 11;02; 12; 22;05; 24; 44;1; 48 kHz

            IFF DVD-RAM 11;02; 12; 22;05; 24; 44;1; 48 kHz

            IFF with ID3 tag; some devices cannot play *;mp3;

;MPEG4; also see: ; ASF;

;WMA;

Application purposes: Cache / PDA; Digital camera; Game; ID card; Main memory; Memory card; Smart card; Solid state disk;

BL; Bit Line AND OR WL; Word Line; In memory cell; BL AND OR WL which means [2^N where N bits addressed row] AND OR [2^M where M bits addressed column] in 2D;

Block size; Page size;

Buffer: mostly use in programming; When using buffer; designers/engineers/programmers must make sure each buffer's storage limit [BoundedBuffer; buffer over run; buffer overflow; buffer underflow; ;;; ] ; In common; at heap; or at a run time; when a program needs temporary storage; threshold voltage must be referenced memory addresses as its needed buffers;

CD; in 2008; Signal system: NTSC's CD audio: 4 Hz ~ 20 kHz; NTSC's DVD (linear audio): 4 Hz ~ 22 kHz a.k.a. 48 kHz sampling AND 4 Hz ~ 44 kHz a.k.a. 96 kHz sampling;

Cell structure: 1T; 1 cell structure characteristics by 1 transistor [i;e; Flash]; 1T-1C; 1 cell structure characteristics by 1 transistor [i;e; DRAM]; 6T; 1 cell structure characteristics by 6 transistors [i;e; SRAM];

Cell density: High OR Low;

Cell type; Also see: type=exe;

Characteristics of memory as s in time vs; °C in temperature;

Cost; Also calculate: cost per bit;

。

CTA; ... ;

CTA♯; CTL♯; ... ;

CTA♯; CTL♯; RTL♯; ... ;

。

Data refresh operation: Require OR Not-require;

Data volatility: Yes OR No;

DDR2 vs; DDR3

Disc; if RPM increases without timing; disc(s) can explode; if 52x disc is at 150x test RPM may explode; Sometimes; configuring incorrectly of motherboard's multiplexer(s) can cause such explosion; 

Endurance: High OR Low;

GDDR3     GDDR4     GDDR5; also see: AMD; Intel; Nvidia; Qimonda; ;;; ;

HD, hard disk; also see: high - definition, HD;

Hardware <driver> Software; WHERE Hardware is Dedicated Video Memory:; Shared System Memory:; System Video Memory:; and Total Available Graphics Memory: WHICH [4 kinds of memory] are Adapter String: Mobile Intel(R) GMA X3100; Bios Information: Intel Video BIOS; Chip Type: Mobile Intel(R) 965 Expres Chipset Family; DAC Type: Internal; WHERE Software is Vista Home Basic; WHERE driver is *;bin; *;cpl; *;dll; *;exe; *;lrc; *;sys; *;vp; and Driver Provider: is Intel Corporation; File version: is 7;14;10;1437;

In system writable: Yes OR No;

ISSCC 2008; standardization;

Layers; also see: insulating layer;

MBR [Panasonic Portable DVD / CD Player; DVD-LS* series; 2008]; A file can be encoded either by compression rate; or MBR; WHERE MBR encoded content disc contains several diff bit rates; For example *;wma ; Therefore; file XYZ;wma may look the same inside Windows Explorer; but sometimes cannot play ;;; because some devices are designed for fixed compression rate only;

MS-MT Series; SONY Memory Stick; Operating voltage; Operating environment; Dimensions (W x L x T) ; Mass;

MTP memory; multi time programmable memory; Bit Line and Word Line oriented; so that at 1 time; several bit lines can be as words ;;;

Number of blocks / plane; number of planes;

NV memory; non volatile memory; in-circuit WRITE once; e;g; CDROM;

NV memory; non volatile memory; in-circuit REWRITABLE; e;g; DVD+R;

Power consumption: High OR Low;

Power supply: Multiple OR Single;

Read speed: in ns [Nano second];

Write speed: in ms; µn; ns; ;;; ;

Storage usages:

Multi-format: in 2008; Panasonic's [ 8;5"; moonlight and sunlight display; model DVD-LS855PK ] portable DVD player can play CD; CD-R/RW; DivX [ including DivX version 6; and DivX video ]; DVD-R; DVD-R (Dual Layer); DVD-RAM; DVD-RW; DVD-Video; DVD+R; DVD+R (Dual Layer); DVD+RW; HighMAT Level; JPEG4; MP3; and WMA; With electronic skip protection; In 2008; the Panasonic portable DVD / CD player DVD-LS series can NOT play Blu-ray; HD DVD; AVCHD; DVD-Audio; DVD-RW version 1; DVD-ROM; CDV; CD-G; SACD; Photo CD; DVD-RAM [cannot remove from cartridge]; DVD-RAM 2;6GB; DVD-RAM 5;2GB; CVD with PAL; CVD with Chaoji VCD; DVCD without IEC62107; SVCD without IEC62107;

Card: in 2008; Memorex's digital photo frame [ 7" widescreen display; model MDF0738-BLK ] can play memory card or USB flash drive; WHERE memory cards are supported MMC Multi Media Card; MS Memory Stick; MS Pro Memory Stick Professional; SD Secure Digital; SDHC Secure Digital High Capacity; and xD;

Card: in 2007; 25 common formats along with USB1 OR USB2 are CF I; CF II; Magic Store; MD; MMC; MS; MS MagicGate; MS Memory Select Function; MS Duo; MS Duo MagicGate; MS Pro; MS Pro Duo; MS Pro Duo MagicGate; MS Pro Magic Gate; MS Pro Ultra II; MS ROM; RS MMC; RS MMC 4;0; SD; SM; SMC; TF; XD; XD Type H; XD Type M; ;;; ; Notice that very very low voltage; very very fast; very very high speed; very very compact by high density technology; ;;; ; technological advance products might be made by new particles in dark room environment ACT 2 stage because very cold and very dark out there in space; OFC; TFT;

Fabrication factory; some companies have their own fabrication factory(ies); some companies do not have their own; Standard and standardizing should belong to the company(ies) with their own fabrication factory(ies);

If you like to design / develop / test the cards; in 2007; Silicon Labs' USB to UART bridge WHICH provides ADC 10bit multiple channels; High speed CPU; RS232 connector; SMBus; UART interface; USB2 controller; ;;; ; SD built in as default; but ;

industry-standard storage: FCoE, Fibre Channel, InfiniBand, iSCSI, SAS, SCSI, ... ;

Disc logo till 2008 are +R / +RW; +R DL; CD COMPACT DISC DIGITAL AUDIO; CD COMPACT DISC DIGITAL AUDIO TEXT; CD-R / RW; DVD-R DL DVD R R DL; DVD-RAM DVD RAM RAM4;7; DVD-R / RW DVD R R4;7; DVD-R / RW DVD R W; DVD-V DVD-Video; VCD Video CD COMPACT DISC DIGITAL VIDEO; VCD Video CD COMPACT DISC SUPER VIDEO; ;;; ;

Drive: CD ROM drive; CD-R / RW drive; Combo drive; Compact drive; DVD ROM drive; External drive; Floppy drive; Hard drive; Internal drive; Partitioned volume drive For example:   g: ; Portable External Drive a.k.a. Portable External Hard Drive; Slim drive; USB 2 flash drive; ... ;

250GB Portable External Drive, powered by USB , in 2009, WHICH means approx. 4MB average(MP3) to be 62500 songs; 4.8MB Fine 10 Megapixel to be 52000 pictures; 8.3GB / Hour average at 720p to be 30 Hours of HD video; 5.2GB / DVD average to be 48 DVD Quality Movies;

a Myanmar way of understanding the keyword "Quality" means all kinds of electronic, WHICH are based on distance in time [also see: Multiplier]; so accordance with holes and sticks [also see: Schematic Symbols] in Ka Theory a.k.a. M Theory; also see: numerological dimension BASIC.HTML WHERE numbers are in stage by stage, numbers also are in step by step, IFF functional, Satellite DNS can be further research and develop; therefore, "Quality" means complexity regions can be reduced from uncountable to countable; ... ; Remark: operating systems have been already hardware embedded, so do configure keywords ... ;

Full range; TB storage server;

Midrange; TB storage server;

Optical storage;

... powered by USB ; WHICH means USB port is powered without separate power supply; WHICH means plug and play feature; WHICH means without AC-DC adapter; OS constraint WHICH means i.e. in 2009, IFF Windows, XP or later versions, IFF Mac, OS X 10 or later versions; speed may vary depending on quality of product is; USB power is commonly using with Portable External Drive; ... ;

SimpleDRIVE Mini, powered by , including backup software, also see: HITACHI; simpletech.com;

Toshiba USB Portable External Hard Drive, powered by , including backup software a.k.a. NTI Shadow, also see: www.toshibadirect.com; in 2009, 250GB HDDR250E03X; 320GB HDDR320E03X; 400GB HDDR400E03X; 500GB HDDR500E03X;

USB;

x has been used since CD; in 1990s; and approx; 150 MB / sec speed was 1x ;;; ; It was impossible to achieve this 1x speed by using electromagnetic drives; In common; text in 1;44 MB disk held 500+ letter size paper-pages; Disc replaces disk in portable storage; on the other hand; LASER; dark energy; pressure point [ 21st century's ] replaces electromagnetic on / off [ 20th century's ];

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